Distribution Map
Bush Thick-knee
Burhinus grallarius
NativeStatus
Fairly CommonRarity
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Species Description
The Bush Stone-curlew, also known as the Bush Thick-knee (*Burhinus grallarius*), is a unique ground-dwelling bird native to Australia. It is best known for its haunting nighttime calls and remarkable ability to blend into its surroundings. While once widespread, it remains common in northern Australia and some urban areas, but has declined in the south due to habitat loss and introduced predators. This species is often seen in open woodlands, grasslands, and even city parks, where its eerie calls are a familiar sound after dark.
Fun Facts
The Bush Stone-curlew’s nighttime call is often mistaken for a human scream.
1. Large yellow eyes and rounded head
2. Strongly streaked grey-brown plumage for camouflage
3. Long, olive-green legs and habit of freezing or crouching when disturbed
Primarily nocturnal, Bush Stone-curlews hunt for insects, spiders, small reptiles, and occasionally seeds or tubers, especially during droughts. They are agile runners and prefer to stay on the ground, only flying when necessary. Breeding occurs from winter to summer, depending on the region, with pairs laying eggs in a simple ground scrape, often near fallen branches for extra cover. Both parents care for the eggs and chicks, which are highly vulnerable to predation by foxes and cats. Outside the breeding season, these birds may gather in small groups, especially in areas with abundant food.
Bush Stone-curlews inhabit open woodlands, grassy plains, and areas with scattered trees, avoiding dense vegetation. They are commonly found in northern and eastern Australia, including urban parks, golf courses, and rural properties in cities like Brisbane, Cairns, and Darwin. During the day, they rest motionless under trees or shrubs, relying on their camouflage, and become active at night to forage. Their calls are most often heard on moonlit nights, echoing across the landscape.
Physical Attributes
Height
56 cm
Size Relative to Other Birds91%
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