Blue Duck

1. Slate-blue plumage with unique pale grey bill and black rubbery tip

2. Exceptional swimming ability in fast-flowing rivers and rapids

3. Distinctive whistling call that sounds like their Māori name, "whio"

Whio are highly territorial and monogamous birds, often mating for life. They breed from August to January, nesting in hidden spots near the river. Both parents care for the ducklings, teaching them to navigate rapids. Predators like stoats and habitat loss are major threats. Their ability to thrive in turbulent waters is a remarkable adaptation to their unique environment.

Look for whio in clear, fast-flowing rivers in forested mountain areas only in the North and South Islands. Dawn and dusk are ideal times to spot them feeding along the water's edge. They prefer rivers with plenty of rapids and large boulders. National parks like Tongariro and Fiordland are great places to start. Listen for their shrill whistle, which can often be heard over the sound of rushing water.

Whio, meaning "whistle" in te reo Māori, have been part of New Zealand's ecosystem for millions of years. They hold significant cultural value, appearing on the $10 note and in Māori legends. Their presence is considered a tohu (sign) of a healthy river, making them a revered species in conservation efforts.