Brown Teal

1. Males in breeding plumage have green-tinged heads and chestnut breasts

2. Distinctive white eye-ring on all birds, regardless of sex or season

3. Short, stocky body with a habit of dabbling in shallow water

Brown Teal are largely nocturnal, an unusual trait for ducks. They breed mainly in late winter, with females laying eggs in well-hidden nests near water. Both parents fiercely guard their ducklings until they fledge. Introduced predators like stoats and cats pose a significant threat to these ground-nesting birds.

Look for Brown Teal in wetlands, coastal streams, and estuaries in northern New Zealand. They're most active at dawn and dusk, often hiding in dense vegetation during the day. Focus your search on calm, shallow waters where they like to feed. Listen for soft whistles or quacks, which can help locate these sometimes shy birds. A good tip: scan the edges of ponds or streams where vegetation meets water.

Known as Pāteke to Māori, the Brown Teal was once common throughout New Zealand. It played a role in traditional food gathering practices. Despite significant population decline, recent conservation efforts have helped establish new populations, symbolizing hope for New Zealand's unique wildlife.